Thursday, 10 November 2011

Aileen: Life and death of a serial killer


Questions on Aileen

(The opening 6 minutes)


Which types of footage are used in the opening? Why do you think the different types have been used – what is their function? Interviews, photo's - introducing the main players and giving the history and background.



What documentary techniques can you identify in the sequence? Voice-overs, photo's interviews and video clips of actual footage.



What information is given by the voiceover? What is the relationship between the voiceover and the images? The voiceover explains the images in more detail - He's diarising.



What do we find out about the central subject? She's a hitch hiking hooker that killed men but claims it's self defence.



How is the opening sequence of a documentary similar to the opening sequence of a fiction film? They introduce the characters - for example the family members, victims, voice-over and Aileen herself, you understand the 'plot' by the beginning and understand what she has done and a bit about what made her do it.

Make notes on the following as you watch the documentary (UPLAOD to your blogs under the heading Aileen: Life and death of a serial killer)
1. Name of documentary: Aileen: Life and death of a serial killer                                     
2. Date of production: 2003
3. Film maker/producer? Jo Human
4. Sub-genre(s)? Crime, mystery and thriller                            
5. Context of production: America
6. Purpose or purposes? To find out once and for all why she is getting the death century and why it was against her.
8. Use of selection: Only the media’s and Aileen’s point of view was in the documentary, this may have been so you felt sorry for Aileen even though you know you shouldn’t.         
9. Narrative sequence and editing? The cross cutting between nick and the news was really effective as you got both sides of the story from 2 different types of shows.
10. Narration/commentary? There was a lot of narration from nick which was a lot like the voice of God.
11. Use of interviews? The documentary had a lot of interviews in it which was really effective as you got the live feel.
12. Presence of crew? The only presence of crew you got throughout the documentary was nick while he was interviewing.


13. Non-diegetic sound and use of music? Most of the music heard was found in the video clips and pictures of her past but at the very end the song that played at her wake was played which may pull a few heart strings. This is when it feels real to me.



News stories
What are your feelings towards Aileen after watching the documentary? What emotions did it stir?
I found her quite distrurbing personally, I hated when she smiled and acted all happy, this made me feel quite ill how someone could do something like that and not feel guilty - This is when I realised how ill SHE is!
Did Nick portray the real Aileen in his doctumentary?
I think Nick did the best he could but i feel she had a lot hidden and i think he didn't include everything she told him for TV.
Do you believe she should have received the death penalty?
I agree in the death penalty and i do believe she deserved it, as much as i had to say it throughout the documentary she acted like a nice person and if i knew her before the killings i don't think i would agree in the death penalty.

Tuesday, 1 November 2011

News Values


look at impact what sort of methods?
  • clips
  • interviews
  • music
  • sound effects
  • words used
  • press conference
  • diagrams
  • live stream

list news stories,
TOP STORY- st pauls - politics, resesions

Nick clegg - billion pounds
billionaires
7 billion baby born

 look at presenter, how is she sat?
straight
upright



What makes a story newsworthy?
Impact
Audience identification
Pragmatics of media coverage
What are news values?
News values are general guidelines or criteria that determine the worth of a news story and how much prominence it is given by newspapers or broadcast media.  They are fundamental to understanding news production and the choices that editors and other journalists face when deciding that one bit of information is news while another is not. 
According to former Times and Sunday Times Editor, Harold Evans, a news story…
… is about necessary information and unusual events
… should be based on observable facts
… should be an unbiased account
… should be free from the reporter’s opinion
Evans,  Harold ‘’ Editing and Design: Volume 1’’ (1972)
However, the selection of news stories is subject to a wider range of influences than this simple basic definition.

What makes a story newsworthy?
Information arrives in the newsroom from a wide range of sources minute by minute.  A news editor cannot report all this material, so he must be selective and filter out information that is not newsworthy.  Because he is in competition with other news outlets, he highlights only those stories he considers to be of greatest interest to his readers or audience. 
Reports, which are interesting and newsworthy, are distinguished by a broadly agreed set of characteristics called ‘’news values’’.   These values provide journalists with a mechanism to sort through quickly, process and select the news from that vast amount of information made available to them.
In practice, when a journalist makes a judgment as to whether a story has the necessary ingredients to interest his readers, he will decide informally on the basis of his experience and intuition, rather than actually ticking off a checklist.  Even so, many studies of news production show that most of these factors are consistently applied across a range of print, broadcast, and online news organisations worldwide.

Galtung and Ruge’s list of news values
One of the best known lists of news values was drawn up by media researchers Johan Galtung and Marie Holmboe Ruge. They analysed international news stories to find out what factors they had in common, and what factors placed them at the top of the news agenda worldwide.
Although their research was conducted over three decades ago 1965, virtually any media analyst's discussion of news values will refer to most of the characteristics they list. This list provides a kind of scoring system: a story which scores highly on each value is likely to come at the start of a television news bulletin, or make the front page of a newspaper.
The values they identified fall into three categories:

Impact

 
1.     Threshold: The bigger impact the story has, the more people it affects, the more extreme the effect or the more money or resources it involves, the better its chances of hitting the news stands.
2.     Frequency: Events, such as motorway pile-ups, murders and plane crashes, which occur suddenly and fit well with the newspaper or news broadcast's schedule are more readily reported than those which occur gradually or at inconvenient times of day or night. Long-term trends are unlikely to receive much coverage.
3.     Negativity: Bad news is more exciting than good news. Stories about death, tragedy, bankruptcy, violence, damage, natural disasters, political upheaval or simply extreme weather conditions are always rated above positive stories such as royal weddings or celebrations.  Bad news stories are more likely to be reported than good news because they are more likely to score high on other news values, such as threshold, unexpectedness, unambiguity and meaningfulness,
4.     Unexpectedness: If an event is out of the ordinary it will be more likely to make it into the news than an everyday occurrence would. As Charles A. Dana famously put it: ''"if a dog bites a man, that's not news. But if a man bites a dog, that's news!"''
5.     Unambiguity: Events which are easy to grasp make for better copy than those which are open to more than one interpretation, or where understanding of the implications depends on first understanding the complex background to the event.

                                           Audience identification
1.     Personalisation: People are interested in people. News stories that centre on a particular person, and are presented from a human interest angle, are likely to make the front page, particularly if they involve a well-known person. Some people claim this news value has become distorted, and that news editors over-rate personality stories, especially those involving celebrities.
2.     Meaningfulness: This relates to cultural proximity and the extent to which the audience identifies with the topic. Stories about people who speak the same language, look the same, and share the same preoccupations as the audience receive more coverage than those involving people who do not.
3.     Reference to elite nations: Stories concerned with global powers receive more attention than those dealing with less influential nations. This also relates to cultural proximity. Those nations which are culturally closest to our own will receive most of the coverage.
4.     Reference to elite persons: The media pay attention to the rich, powerful, famous and infamous. Stories about important people get the most coverage. Hence, the American President gets more coverage than your local councillor.

                                        Pragmatics of media coverage
1.     Consonance: Stories which match the media's expectations receive more coverage than those which contradict them.  At first sight, this appears to contradict the notion of unexpectedness. However, consonance refers to the media's readiness to report an item, which they are more likely to do if they are prepared for it. Indeed, journalists often have a preconceived idea of the angle they want to report an event from, even before they get there.
2.     Continuity: A story which is already in the news gathers a kind of momentum – the running story. This is partly because news teams are already in place to report the story, and partly because previous reportage may have made the story more accessible to the public.
3.     Composition: Stories must compete with one another for space in the media. For instance, editors may seek to provide a balance of different types of coverage. If there is an excess of foreign news, for instance, the least important foreign story may have to make way for an inconsequential item of domestic news. In this way the prominence given to a story depends not only on its own news value but also on those of competing stories. This is a matter of the editors' judgement, more than anything else.



  • press conference
  • diagrams - timeline
  • live stream
  •  narrator
  • interviews

Tuesday, 11 October 2011

Supersize Me

How are the styles of film making used to present information?
They used a lot of interviews with a variety of professionals. The also used alot of live action for example him being sick,eating mcdonalds and also him being at the doctors, he does this with a persuation techneque.


List the interviewees in the extract. Describe the mise en scene of each interview, what connotations does this create?
  • Kelly Brownell - professor/PhD/Yale
    - Books - Smart.
    - Cut away - Fat woman.
  • Jacob Sullum- Certificate.
    - Links eating with smoking.
  • John Banzhaf
    -
    In McD children happy in background - Back to his point.
What relationship is there between the voiceover and the images?
Use of videos and pictures to prove his point. Direct connection to what we see and what he says.


What music features on the soundtrack? which group of people is most likly to enjoy this type of music?
Fun soundtrack for children but has a underlining for adults.


What mode of documentary is super size me?
Participatory mode and Formative mode.




Who do you think this documentary is aimed at?
  • Americans
  • Fat people
  • Parents
Which techneques does Morgan Spurlosk use to persuade the audience of his argument?
Follows him around, takes him in to the doctors, shows him being sick, shows really obese people, girlfriend worrying.

Wednesday, 5 October 2011

Kidulthood: Activity 2

What is meant by the team docu-drama?
Wikipedia definition - In film, television programming and staged theatre, docudrama is a documentary-style genre that features dramatized re-enactments of actual historical events. As a neologism, the term is often confused with docufiction.


Gang culture and crime.
I think Menhaj Huda has portrayed a small section of west London in this film as not all west London is this rough although some parts of it is. I also believe that he has stereotyped his characters as not all young people are this rough and violent.

Here i have proof that it does happen in west london but it doesn't happen everywhere.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2006/feb/26/features.mirandasawyer
http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/feb/11/ukcrime.theobserver
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-15120082


1.    Kidultood has been classified as a ‘docu- drama’. If you had to choose one that represented the story line correctly, documentary or drama, which would you chose and why?
I would choose a drama as i feel the film has exaggerated the storyline too far out of            proportion to be non-fiction and to be classed as a documentary.

2.    If you were asked to produce a ‘docu-soap’ what would it be based on?
      I would have liked to base mine on how young people are portrayed in the media as i believe this is a strong issue but as that is so closely related to kidulthood i don't think i would get many viewers so i would go for how the media makes young people see them selves. 
      I would do this by having a group of average teens trying to become models for a high street agentcy, after a while of trying they eventuly get the job but in the end it shows how much they're photoshopped.


Kidulthood: Activity 1



INTRODUCTION

Kidulthood tells the story of a turbulent 48 hours in the life of a group of fifteen-year-olds living in West London. Filmmaker Menhaj Huda and his youthful cast set out to show what life was really like for young people growing up today and the problems and issues they face. The film was shot in the UK in just four and a half weeks on a minimal budget but incorporates all the action and suspense of a big Hollywood production.

BEFORE YOU VIEW THE FILM:
Look at the poster image. How does this confirm or contradict your expectations of Kidultood?
The image is very dark which would suggest that the characters are maybe feel depressed or unhappy, this would tell the audience that the film is unsuitable for some people.

Why do you think the title ‘Kidulthood’ was chosen? Think about all the different parts of the word - what associations does it have and what impression does it give of what you are about to see?
I think the title links with the setting, the film is set in a school playground which would make alot of people think about 'kids' although 'kids' shouldn't have to go through what is shown in the movie.


SETTING THE TONE
In the early stages of a film we, as an audience, are watching intently for indications of character and genre and clues as to where the narrative will lead. It is important for the filmmaker to use this time to set the tone of the film so that we can build certain expectations of what will follow. By creating a mood or atmosphere the filmmaker can engage us fully in the narrative on an emotional level. The opening sequence of Kidulthood makes it clear right from the start that the action is set in a world where tension and aggression are part of everyday life. We are prepared for the conflict to come and eager to see how it will be resolved.
The action is set in a school playground. How does this contradict traditional associations of the playground and what effect does this have?
The thought of a playground would suggest kids having fun and a happy place, which is ironic as the film isn't fun or happy. 

How is tension and/or aggression conveyed through the body language and facial expression of each group of characters?
Tension was shown in the eyes of every character, this would lead to the audience wanting to see more.

Is it easy to identify the ‘outsiders’? If so, how?
You could identify the outsiders by their body language, they often lowered their head and slouched, this would also show levels so the 'insiders' would look more important characters would look stronger.

How does the filmmaker build tension into the story of Sam and Claire at this point?
The film makers have switched between scenes of the characcters showing the strength they have over weaker characters and you can see that it's the start of something.

What words would you use to describe the images of Trife we see in the opening 
sequence of the film? How do they support what is going on around him? How do they contrast with them? What do you assume he is doing?
The images are dark and could be seen as depressing which would show that Trife isn't a happy character and would corse some upset through the film.


REPRESENTATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE


Representing young people in film can be problematic, not least because filmmakers are invariably almost a generation away from the age they are trying to represent. In an attempt to avoid misrepresentation, the characters in Kidulthood are played by young actors who were encouraged to improvise, particularly with regard to language, as filming progressed. Kidulthood aims to give an accurate representation of what young people are really like. Filmmaker Menhaj Huda said that between finishing production and awaiting distribution he was constantly aware of incidents and issues reported in the news that directly paralleled those in the film.


The film has been a success with young audiences who reported in test screenings that they felt that they ‘knew’ the characters in real life and could identify with the way in which they looked, spoke and behaved.
What are the main stories in the film? Are these representative of the majority of young people?
The film shows young people how they're portrayed in the media and how the majority of elders see us, although i think the film exaggerated even that!

What kinds of activities do we see the ‘kids’ doing throughout the day?
The kids don't involve their selves in a lot of activities, they hang out most of the time around school and parties.

How do you feel about the language used in the film? Is it an accurate representation of how young people speak?
Although young people use alot of slang the majority of young people do not speak like the characters in this movie, some rougher parts of UK do use alot of the same language as the characters.

How do we feel about the incident where Trife is accused of stealing the Burberry cap? How does the filmmaker influence our thoughts by the way in which it is presented?
I felt sorry for the character Trife as i felt he was judged badly by the security guard, he could have avoided this stereotypical judge if he wasn't dressed like that.

How are the adults in the film represented? Who is seen in a) a positive light
b) a negative light? How is this shown as influencing or impacting on the actions of the teenagers?


How do you feel about the way in which young people are represented by the media in a) film b) print media?
I feel young people are represented badly in the media which brings on all the stereotypes about teenagers. Although the minority of young people are like the fictional stereotypes the majority aren't. The media focus on the minority as the papers will sell more with these stories but this ends badly for young people and the elderly end up being afraid of 'gangs'.

What do you think the reaction of someone aged 50+ might be to the film? What would you say to them?
Someone aged 50+ would not enjoy this film as this is the way the majority of the eldery do see young people.

Do you think the film raises issues of gender or race?
After seeing this film i can see that racism is still around more than it should be, i feel people judge others on there race and gender. In this film the woman are treated better by the public than men are, for example when the boys were waiting for the texi no-one would stop and in the end they had to jump a taxi with the help of a girl.





The adults don't seem to understand what the young people have to go through everyday which makes he hard for the younger characters.